American Idol Reviews

James Brown – Butterfly Valve Wafer Manufacturer – Crane Wafer Check Valve Manufacturer   by hi joiney

Early life James Brown was born to Susie ne Behlings and Joseph Joe James Gardner who changed his name to Brown after Mattie Brown who raised him in the small town of Barnwell South Carolina in the Jim Crow South during the Depression era Although Brown was to be named after his father his name was mistakenly reversed on his birth certificate and instead became James Joseph Brown Jr As a young child Brown was called Junior When he later lived with his aunt and cousin he was called Little Junior since his cousin s nickname was also Junior James Brown is of Native American specifically Apache descent through his father and also of African American and Asian ancestry Brown and his family lived in extreme poverty When Brown was two years old his parents separated after his mother left his father for another man After his mother abandoned the family Brown continued to live with his father and his live in girlfriends until he was six years old After that time Brown and his father moved to Augusta Georgia His father sent him to live with an aunt who ran a house of prostitution Even though Brown lived with relatives he spent long stretches of time on his own hanging out on the streets and hustling to get by Brown managed to stay in school until he dropped out in the seventh grade During his childhood Brown earned money shining shoes sweeping out stores selling and trading in old stamps washing cars and dishes and singing in talent contests Brown also performed buck dances for change to entertain troops from Camp Gordon at the start of World War II as their convoys traveled over a canal bridge near his aunt s house Between earning money from these adventures Brown taught himself to play a harmonica given to him by his father He learned to play some guitar from Tampa Red who was dating one of the girls from his aunt s house in addition to learning to play piano and drums from others Brown was inspired to become an entertainer after watching Louis Jordan a popular jazz and R amp B performer during the 1940s and His Tympany Five in a short film performing Caldonia As an adult Brown legally changed his name to remove the Jr designation In his spare time Brown spent time practicing his various skills in Augusta area stalls and committing petty crimes At the age of sixteen he was convicted of armed robbery and sent to a juvenile detention center upstate in Toccoa in 1949 While Brown was in reform school he became acquainted with Bobby Byrd who first saw Brown perform in prison Byrd watched and admired Brown s ability to sing and perform Byrd s family helped Brown secure an early release after serving three years of his sentence The authorities agreed to release Brown on the condition that he would get a job and not return to Augusta or Richmond County After stints as a boxer and baseball pitcher in semi professional baseball a career move ended by a leg injury Brown turned his energy toward music Career Brown s career spanned decades and profoundly influenced the development of many different musical genres Brown moves on a continuum of blues and gospel based forms and styles to a profoundly Africanised approach to music making Brown performed in concerts first making his rounds across the chitlin circuit and then across the country and later around the world along with appearing in shows on television and in movies Although he contributed much to the music world through his hitmaking Brown held the record as the artist who charted the most singles on the Billboard Hot 100 without ever hitting number one on that chart 1955 The Famous Flames In 1955 Brown and Bobby Byrd s sister Sarah performed in a group called The Gospel Starlighters Eventually Brown joined Bobby Byrd s vocal group the Avons and Byrd turned the group s sound towards secular rhythm and blues After the group s name was changed to The Flames Brown and Byrd s group toured the Southern chitlin circuit The group eventually signed a deal with the Cincinnati Ohio based label Federal Records a sister label of King Records The group s first recording was the single Please Please Please 1956 The single was a 5 R amp B hit selling over a million copies Nine subsequent singles released by The Flames failed to live up to the success of their debut and the group was in danger of being dropped by King Records Brown s early recordings were fairly straightforward gospel inspired R amp B compositions heavily influenced by the work of contemporary musicians such as Ray Charles and Little Richard Little Richard s relations with Brown were particularly significant in Brown s development as a musician and showman Brown once called Richard his idol and credited Richard s saxophone studded mid 1950s road band The Upsetters with being the first to put the funk in the rock and roll beat When Richard left pop music in 1957 to become a preacher Brown filled out Richard s remaining tour dates in his place Several former members of Little Richard s backup band joined Brown s group after Richard s exit from the pop music scene Brown middle amp The Famous Flames far left to right Bobby Bennett Lloyd Stallworth and Bobby Byrd performing live at the Apollo Theater in New York City 1964 Brown s band is on the far right Brown s group returned to the charts to stay in 1958 with the 1 R amp B hit Try Me This hit record was the best selling R amp B single of the year becoming the first of 17 chart topping R amp B singles by Brown over the next two decades By the time Try Me was released on record the group s billing was changed to James Brown and The Famous Flames The Famous Flames was a vocal group not a backing band In 1959 Brown and The Famous Flames moved from the Federal Records subsidiary to King Records the parent label Brown began to have recurring conflicts with King Records president Syd Nathan over repertoire and other matters In one notable instance Brown recorded the 1960 Top Ten R amp B hit Do the Mashed Potatoes on Dade Records owned by Henry Stone under the pseudonym Nat Kendrick amp The Swans because Nathan refused to allow him to record it for King Early and mid 1960s Brown scored on the charts in the early 1960s with recordings such as his 1962 cover of Night Train While Brown s early singles were major hits across the southern United States and then regular R amp B Top Ten hits he and the Famous Flames were not successful nationally until his self financed live show was captured on the 1963 LP Live at the Apollo Brown financed the recording of the album himself and it was released on King Records over the objections of label owner Syd Nathan who saw no commercial potential in a live album containing no new songs Defying Nathan s expectations the album stayed on the pop charts for fourteen months peaking at 2 In addition Brown recorded a hit version of the ballad Prisoner of Love his first Top 20 pop hit in 1963 and founded under King auspices the fledgling Try Me Records Brown s first attempt at running a record label Brown followed the success of Live at the Apollo with a string of singles that along with the work of Allen Toussaint in New Orleans essentially defined the foundation of funk music Driven by the success of Live at the Apollo and the failure of King Records to expand record promotion beyond the black market James Brown and fellow Famous Flame Bobby Byrd formed a production company Fair Deal to promote sales of Brown s record releases to white audiences In this arrangement Smash Records a subsidiary of Mercury Records was used as a vehicle to distribute Brown s music Smash released his 1964 hit Out of Sight which reached 24 on the pop charts and pointed the way to his later funk hits Its release also triggered a legal battle between Smash and King that resulted in a one year ban on the release of Brown s vocal recordings During the mid 1960s two of Brown s signature tunes Papa s Got a Brand New Bag and I Got You I Feel Good both from 1965 were his first Top 10 pop hits as well as major 1 R amp B hits with each remaining the top selling singles in black venues for over a month In 1966 Brown s Papa s Got a Brand New Bag won the Grammy for Best Rhythm amp Blues Recording an award last given in 1968 Brown s national profile was boosted further that year by appearances in the movie Ski Party and the concert film The T A M I Show in which he and The Famous Flames Bobby Byrd Bobby Bennett and Baby Lloyd Stallworth upstaged The Rolling Stones In his concert repertoire and on record Brown mingled his innovative rhythmic essays with Broadway show tunes and ballads such as his hit It s a Man s Man s Man s World 1966 Late 1960s As the 1960s decade neared its end Brown continued to refine the new funk idiom Brown s 1967 1 R amp B hit Cold Sweat sometimes cited as the first true funk song was the first of his recordings to contain a drum break and the first that featured a harmony that was reduced to a single chord change The instrumental arrangements on tracks such as Give It Up Or Turnit A Loose and Licking Stick Licking Stick both recorded in 1968 and Funky Drummer recorded in 1969 featured a more developed version of Brown s mid 1960s style with the horn section guitars bass and drums meshed together in intricate rhythmic patterns based on multiple interlocking riffs Changes in Brown s style that started with Cold Sweat also established the musical foundation for Brown s later hits such as I Got the Feelin 1968 and Mother Popcorn 1969 By this time Brown s vocals frequently took the form of a kind of rhythmic declamation not quite sung but not quite spoken that only intermittently featured traces of pitch or melody This would become a major influence on the techniques of rapping which would come to maturity along with hip hop music in the coming decades In November 1967 James Brown purchased radio station WGYW in Knoxville Tennessee for a reported 75 000 according to the January 20 1968 Record World magazine The call letters were changed to WJBE reflecting his initials WJBE began on January 15 1968 and broadcast a Rhythm amp Blues format The station slogan was WJBE 1430 Raw Soul At the time it was mentioned Brown has also branched out into real estate and music publishing in recent months Brown s recordings influenced musicians across the industry most notably Sly and his Family Stone Charles Wright amp the Watts 103rd Street Rhythm Band Booker T amp the M G s and soul shouters like Edwin Starr Temptations David Ruffin and Dennis Edwards A then prepubescent Michael Jackson took Brown s shouts and dancing into the pop mainstream as the lead singer of Motown s The Jackson 5 Those same tracks were later resurrected by countless hip hop musicians from the 1970s onward As a result James Brown remains to this day the world s most sampled recording artist with Funky Drummer itself becoming the most sampled individual piece of music Brown s band during this period employed musicians and arrangers who had come up through the jazz tradition He was noted for his ability as a bandleader and songwriter to blend the simplicity and drive of R amp B with the rhythmic complexity and precision of jazz Trumpeter Lewis Hamlin and saxophonist keyboardist Alfred Pee Wee Ellis the successor to previous bandleader Nat Jones led the band Guitarist Jimmy Nolen provided percussive deceptively simple riffs for each song and Maceo Parker s prominent saxophone solos provided a focal point for many performances Other members of Brown s band included stalwart singer and sideman Bobby Byrd drummers John Jabo Starks Clyde Stubblefield and Melvin Parker Maceo s brother saxophonist St Clair Pinckney trombonist Fred Wesley guitarist Alphonso Country Kellum and bassist Bernard Odum During this period Brown s music empire also expanded along with his influence on the music scene As Brown s music empire grew his desire for financial and artistic independence grew as well Brown bought radio stations during the late 1960s including radio station WRDW in Augusta Georgia where he shined shoes as a boy Brown also branched out to make several recordings with musicians outside his own band He recorded Gettin Down To It 1969 and Soul on Top 1970 two albums consisting mostly of romantic ballads and jazz standards with the Dee Felice Trio and the Louie Bellson Orchestra respectively He recorded a number of tracks with the Dapps a white Cincinnati bar band including the hit I Can t Stand Myself When You Touch Me He also released three albums of Christmas music with his own band 1970s and the J B s Brown after a concert in Tampa on Jan 29 1972 By 1970 most members of James Brown s classic 1960s band had quit his act for other opportunities and The Famous Flames singing group had disbanded with original member Bobby Byrd the only one remaining with Brown Brown and Byrd employed a new band that included future funk greats such as bassist Bootsy Collins Collins guitarist brother Phelps Catfish Collins and trombonist and musical director Fred Wesley This new backing band was dubbed The J B s and the band made its debut on Brown s 1970 single Get Up I Feel Like Being A Sex Machine Although The J B s went through several lineup changes with the first change occurring in 1971 the band remained Brown s most familiar backing band In 1971 Brown began recording for Polydor Records which also took over distribution of Brown s King Records catalog Many of his sidemen and supporting players

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